Pengolahan Limbah Domestik Dengan Teknologi Taman Tanaman Air (Constructed Wetlands)

Authors

  • Anna Catharina Sri Purna Suswati
  • Gunawan Wibisono

Abstract

Perkembangan penduduk dan keterbatasan sarana sanitasi dan instalasi pengolah air limbah menyebabkan tingginya pencemaran air permukaan, terutama air sungai. Instalasi Pengolah air Limbah rumah tangga dipandang mahal dan sulit diterapkan di negara berkembang. Namun, constructed wetland (CW) menawarkan teknologi mudah dan murah dalam perencanaan maupun pengoperasian sistem pengolahan air limbah rumah tangga.       Dalam tulisan ini dibahas mengenai tipe CW, jenis tanaman yang digunakan dalam CW, media tumbuh dalam CW , bentuk CW, kinerja CW, dan biaya ekonomisnya. Constructed Wetland  tipe Free Surface Flow, cocok di pinggiran kota, sebagai pengolah air limbah secara terpusat dan sekaligus menjadi tempat rekreasi. Constructed Wetland tipe Horizontal Subsurface Flow (SSF) cocok untuk daerah perkotaan yang tidak terjangkau fasilitas pengolahan air limbah yang terpusat, sehingga dapat dibangun secara individual. CW tipe SSF lebih fleksibel dalam penempatannya, dan tidak memerlukan lahan yang luas. Pemilihan jenis tanaman dalam CW-SSF disesuaikan dengan lokasi tempat CW dibangun, teduh atau terpapar panas. Kinerja CW lebih baik menggunakan kombinasi berbagai jenis tanaman, dibandingkan dengan menggunakan tanaman tunggal.

Kata kunci: Constructed Wetlands, air limbah Domestik.

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Issue

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2013)

Section

Articles

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